Suspension of member from UNO (the United Nations Organisation)
The provision related to the suspension of a member from the United Nations is in Article-5.
According to Article 5, a member may be suspended from exercising his rights and privileges of membership if the Security Council has taken any preventive or enforcement action against him. The member is suspended by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council.
Member’s suspension is a non-procedural subject, so it requires an affirmative vote of nine members, including the unanimous vote of the permanent members of the Security Council.
When a member is suspended from membership, he is deprived of all his rights, which he enjoys, but the state continues to be a member even after the suspension and he has to fulfill all the obligations of membership . Suspension of the exercise of membership does not mean that he ceases to be a member.
The suspension of membership can be revoked by the Security Council. The withdrawal of the suspension is the monopoly of the Security Council.
No member has yet been suspended from UN membership, but in 1974, the General Assembly suspended Southern Africa from attending its 19th session for a policy of apartheid.
Suspension of member from UNO (the United Nations Organisation)
Expulsion of a member from the United Nations
Article 6 of the Charter provides for the expulsion of a member of the United Nations.
According to Article 6, if a member repeatedly violates the principles of the Charter, he may be expelled by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council.
Since expulsion is a non-procedural matter, it requires an affirmative vote of nine members, including the unanimous vote of the permanent members of the Security Council.
So far no member has been expelled from the United Nations. Once a member is expelled from the United Nations, it has the same status as that of a non-member state.
Withdrawal of membership from the United Nations
There is no provision in the Charter in this regard in which a member voluntarily wishes to secede from the United Nations. But in certain circumstances the membership can be withdrawn by the member. they are-
When the United Nations has become incapable of keeping the peace, or when it can do so only in violation of law and justice, or when the rights and obligations of a member are altered by an amendment to the Charter to which it has not consented and when it fails to obtain the ratification necessary to give effect to an amendment duly adopted by the required majority in the General Assembly or at the General Conference.
But if the Security Council considers that the member’s withdrawal would constitute a threat to international peace and security, it may recommend the member not to withdraw in accordance with Article 39, and in case of non-compliance with this recommendation, It can take enforcement action against that State.
